python使用telnet连接交换机并保存到txt文档（后续用正则表达式提取到excl表形成运维的巡检记录）

1.需求分析
1）手动巡检还是美滋滋，不需要动脑
2）因为之前看到文章有大佬用pexpect.spawn()来连接网络设备，然后试了一下，发现要linux系统才行，然后就研究出了这个。
2.telnet交换机（cisco）输入命令并导出：源码实现

def telnetip(ip):# 连接Telnet服务器tn = telnetlib.Telnet(ip, port=23, timeout=50)# 输入登录用户名fout=open('text1111.txt','w')tn.logfile=fouttn.read_until(b'Username:')tn.write(username + b'\n')# 输入登录密码# tn.read_until('Password:')tn.write(password + b'\n')time.sleep(1)tn.write(b'show memory' + b'\n')  # 查看内存tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')#敲空格，不解释tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b'show processes cpu sorted' + b'\n')   #查看CPUtn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b'show environment' + b'\n')   #查看温度tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b'show ip routing' + b'\n')   #查看路由表tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b'show ip interface brief' + b'\n')   #查看端口状态tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b'show version' + b'\n')  #查看系统版本 tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')tn.write(b' ' + b'\n')#tn.write(b'domain paoa' + b'\n')#tn.write(b'****' + b'\n')#tn.write(b'****' + b'\n')time.sleep(50)result1 = tn.read_very_eager()  # 获得结果print(result1)result1=str(result1)fout.write(result1)# 命令执行完毕后，终止Telnet连接（或输入exit退出）tn.close()  # if __name__ == '__main__':# 配置选项ip = '172.17.0.1'  # Telnet交换机IPusername = b'admin'  # 登录用户名password = b'p@ss0word'  # 登录密码telnetip(ip)

3.用正则表达式提取txt文档里的关键信息，输出到xls

import datetime
import xlwt
from xlwt import *
import retoday=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
txt='text1111.txt'
file=open(txt,'r+')listlist=file.readlines()
listlist=str(listlist)  #TypeError: expected string or bytes-like object  因为正则表达式不支持，所以需要转换为字符串
#print(listlist)time11=''
environment11=''
cpu11=''
memory11=''
briefa11=''
routingtable11=''#使用正则表达式提取数据
if 'memory' in listlist:memory11=re.search('total.*?\s(.*?)\sused',listlist)#内存print(memory11.group(1))
if 'five minutes' in listlist:cpu11=re.search('\sfive\sminutes.*?\s(\d+%)',listlist)#cpu使用率 print(cpu11.group(1))
if 'environment' in listlist:environment11=re.search('CPU\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s\s(.*?)\s',listlist)#运行温度print(environment11.group(1))
if 'Uptime' in listlist:#运行时间time11=re.search('\s((\d)\sweek,\s(\d)\sdays,\s(\d+)\shours,\s(\d+)\sminutes)',listlist)#运行时间print(time11.group())
if 'routing' in listlist:routingtable11='NO'print(routingtable11)
if 'YES unset  up' in listlist:briefa11=re.search('YES\sunset\s\s(up)',listlist)#端口print(briefa11.group(1))workbook = xlwt.Workbook()#创建表格
style = XFStyle()#初始化样式，此样式包含了单元格背景颜色和单元格边框两个属性。
pattern = Pattern()
pattern.pattern = Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = Style.colour_map['red'] #设置单元格背景色为红色
style.pattern = pattern
borders = xlwt.Borders()#设置表格的边框，1是默认实线黑色。
borders.left = 1
borders.right = 1
borders.top = 1
borders.bottom = 1
style.borders = bordersstyle1 = XFStyle()#只有边框
borders = xlwt.Borders()
borders.left = 1
#borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
borders.right = 1
borders.top = 1
borders.bottom = 1
style1.borders = bordersstyle3 = XFStyle()#初始化样式，带边框和表格内容居中。
borders = xlwt.Borders()
borders.left = 1
#borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
borders.right = 1
borders.top = 1
borders.bottom = 1
style3.borders = borders
al = xlwt.Alignment()
al.horz = 0x02      # 设置水平居中
al.vert = 0x01      # 设置垂直居中
style3.alignment = alF51FSwitch = workbook.add_sheet('A4F-4507',cell_overwrite_ok=True)#创建表格的某一分页first_col=F51FSwitch.col(0)#设置0、1、2、3列的列宽
sec_col=F51FSwitch.col(1)
thr_col=F51FSwitch.col(2)
for_col=F51FSwitch.col(3)
first_col.width=150*25
sec_col.width=100*25
thr_col.width=120*25
for_col.width=320*25F51FSwitch.write_merge(1,11,0,0,'A4F-4507',style3)#合并单元格(1,11为行1到11行 0,0为列0到0)，填入内容
#F51FSwitch.write_merge(1,10,0,1,'QCMC-F3-1FA')#合并0到1列，1到10行
F51FSwitch.write_merge(1,11,1,1,'172.17.0.1',style3)#添加style3的样式，只能填写一个，所以初始化样式的时候根据需求添加多个属性。
F51FSwitch.write(0,0,'设备名称',style)
F51FSwitch.write(0,1,'管理地址',style)
F51FSwitch.write(0,2,'检查项',style)
F51FSwitch.write(0,3,'检查结果',style)
F51FSwitch.write(1,2,'设备状态',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(2,2,'运行时间',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(3,2,'运行温度',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(4,2,'风扇A状态',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(5,2,'风扇B状态',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(6,2,'CPU使用率',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(7,2,'内存使用率',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(8,2,'聚合口A',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(9,2,'聚合口B',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(10,2,'日志条目',style1)
F51FSwitch.write(11,2,'路由条目',style1)#F51FSwitch.write(1,3,power11,style1)#添加抓取的字符串到相应的表格
F51FSwitch.write(2,3,time11.group(1),style1)
F51FSwitch.write(3,3,environment11.group(1),style1)
#F51FSwitch.write(4,3,fana11,style1)
#F51FSwitch.write(5,3,fanb11,style1)
F51FSwitch.write(6,3,cpu11.group(1),style1)F51FSwitch.write(7,3,memory11.group(1),style1)#F51FSwitch.write(8,3,briefa11,style1)
#F51FSwitch.write(9,3,briefb11,style1)
#F51FSwitch.write(10,3,log11,style1)
F51FSwitch.write(11,3,routingtable11,style1)print ('创建excel文件完成！')
workbook.save('today.xls')

这里创建表格的代码块，是参考了谢冰棍大佬的例子。不同的地方在于正则表达式提取信息的地方

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