linux chef rpm,在Ubuntu 18.04/CentOS 7中把Chef Server升级到最新版本
本文介绍在Ubuntu 18.04、CentOS 7操作系统中把Chef Server升级到最新版本的方法，目前的最新版本是Chef Server 12.18.14，如果你使用其它的版本，请按下面的方法升级到12.18.14版。
一、备份Chef Server数据
1、运行以下命令以确保所有服务都处于正常状态并备份所有Chef数据：
$ chef-server-ctl reconfigure
2、备份数据：
# chef-server-ctl backup --yes
Locating rsync..
/bin/rsync
Starting Chef Server backup
Bringing down the Chef Server
ok: down: bookshelf: 1s, normally up
ok: down: nginx: 0s, normally up
ok: down: oc_bifrost: 0s, normally up
ok: down: oc_id: 0s, normally up
ok: down: opscode-chef-mover: 302s, normally up
ok: down: opscode-erchef: 0s, normally up
ok: down: opscode-expander: 1s, normally up
ok: down: opscode-solr4: 0s, normally up
ok: down: rabbitmq: 0s, normally up
ok: down: redis_lb: 0s, normally up
Dumping Postgresql database to /tmp/chef_backup20190126-11018-1r60p82/chef_backup-2019-01-26-14-44-09.sql
could not change directory to "/tmp/d20190126-11018-1jnkroq": Permission denied
ok: down: postgresql: 0s, normally up
Writing backup manifest
Creating backup tarball
/opt/opscode/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/mixlib-shellout-2.3.2/lib/mixlib/shellout/unix.rb:185: warning: conflicting chdir during another chdir block
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
Bringing up the Chef Server
ok: run: bookshelf: (pid 11293) 0s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 11372) 1s
ok: run: oc_bifrost: (pid 11386) 1s
ok: run: oc_id: (pid 11467) 0s
ok: run: opscode-chef-mover: (pid 11482) 0s
ok: run: opscode-erchef: (pid 11559) 0s
ok: run: opscode-expander: (pid 11911) 0s
ok: run: opscode-solr4: (pid 12052) 0s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 12090) 0s
ok: run: rabbitmq: (pid 11561) 13s
ok: run: redis_lb: (pid 12357) 1s
Exporting tarball to /var/opt/chef-backup
Cleaning up /tmp/chef_backup20190126-11018-1r60p82
Backup Complete!
3、确认备份文件：
# ls /var/opt/chef-backup/
chef-backup-2019-01-26-14-44-09.tgz
二、下载并升级Chef Server到最新版本
1、Chef Server下载页面，当前最新版本Chef Server 12.18.14，在终端中下载：
wget https://packages.chef.io/files/stable/chef-server/12.18.14/el/7/chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2、下载软件包后，请与软件包管理器一起安装：
sudo yum localinstall
对于Ubuntu系统，请使用：
sudo dpkg -i
3、输出如下信息：
Running transaction
Updating: chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64 [#####################] 1/
Updating: chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64 [#####################] 1/
Updating: chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64 [#####################] 1/
Upda Updating: chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
You have upgraded Chef Server!
......
For detailed upgrade instructions please see:
https://docs.chef.io/upgrade_server.html
Cleanup : chef-server-core-12.17.33-1.el7.x86_64 2/2
warning: file /opt/opscode/embedded/service/oc_id/log/development.log: remove failed: No such file or directory
Verifying : chef-server-core-12.18.14-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : chef-server-core-12.17.33-1.el7.x86_64
Updated:
chef-server-core.x86_64 0:12.18.14-1.el7
Complete!
4、升级过程的下一步是运行：
$ sudo chef-server-ctl upgrade
5、升级命令完成后，Chef服务将保持关闭状态，为了让他们恢复运行：
$ sudo sudo chef-server-ctl start
ok: run: bookshelf: (pid 14176) 1s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 14233) 0s
ok: run: oc_bifrost: (pid 14255) 1s
ok: run: oc_id: (pid 14289) 0s
ok: run: opscode-chef-mover: (pid 14332) 0s
ok: run: opscode-erchef: (pid 14335) 1s
ok: run: opscode-expander: (pid 14475) 0s
ok: run: opscode-solr4: (pid 14705) 0s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 14145) 189s
ok: run: rabbitmq: (pid 14337) 1s
ok: run: redis_lb: (pid 15079) 1s
6、最后，删除内部服务使用的配置文件、日志、目录、用户等，并从此版本的Chef Server中删除：
$ sudo chef-server-ctl cleanup
同时你可以添加--no-op选项以查看此命令将删除的内容。
至此，升级Chef Server操作结束。
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