【ES】查询详解

文章目录

• • • • 一. dsl搜索数据准备
      • • 1. mapping准备
        • 2. 查入数据
      • 二、dsl搜索
      • • 1. 通过url构建(QueryString方式)
        • 1. 通过post构建(DSL方式)
        • 3. 查询所有
        • 4. 查询关键字term、terms(不分词)
        • 4. 查询关键字match_phrase
        • 4. 查询关键字operator
        • 4. 查询关键字minimum_should_match
        • 5. 根据id就行查询ids
        • 6. 根据词语搜索多个字段里是否包含(multi_match)
        • 7. 布尔查询
        • 8. 过滤器（post_filter）
        • 9. 排序
        • 10.高亮显示

一. dsl搜索数据准备

1. mapping准备

{"properties": {"id": {"type": "long"},"age": {"type": "integer"},"username": {"type": "keyword"},"nickname":{"type": "text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"},"money": {"type": "float"},"desc": {"type": "text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"},"sex": {"type": "byte"},"face": {"type": "text","index": false}}
}

2. 查入数据

{"id": ,"age": ,"username": "","nickname": "","money": ,"desc": "","sex": ,"birthday": "","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1001,"age": 18,"username": "giteeAmazing","nickname": "开源中国","money": 88.8,"desc": "我的开源中国学习java和前端，学习了很多知识","sex": 0,"birthday": "1992-12-24","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1002,"age": 19,"username": "justbuy","nickname": "周杰棍","money": 77.8,"desc": "今天上下班都很堵，车流量很大","sex": 1,"birthday": "1993-01-24","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1003,"age": 20,"username": "bigFace","nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰","money": 66.8,"desc": "慕课网团队和导游坐飞机去海外旅游,去了新马泰和欧洲","sex": 1,"birthday": "1996-01-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1004,"age": 22,"username": "flyfish","nickname": "水中鱼","money": 55.8,"desc": "昨天在学校的池塘里，看到有很多鱼在游泳，然后就去慕课网上课了","sex": 0,"birthday": "1988-02-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1005,"age": 25,"username": "gotoplay","nickname": "ps游戏机","money": 155.8,"desc": "今年生日，女友送了我一台play station游戏机，非常好玩，非常不错","sex": 1,"birthday": "1989-03-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1006,"age": 19,"username": "missgitee","nickname": "我叫小源","money": 156.8,"desc": "我叫凌云彻，今年20岁，是一名律师，我在琦星球做演讲","sex": 1,"birthday": "1993-04-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1007,"age": 19,"username": "msgame","nickname": "gamexbox","money": 1056.8,"desc": "明天去进货，最近微软处理很多游戏机，还要买xbox游戏卡带","sex": 1,"birthday": "1985-05-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1008,"age": 19,"username": "kaiyuan","nickname": "开源学习","money": 1056.8,"desc": "大学毕业后，可以到gitee.com进修","sex": 1,"birthday": "1995-06-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1009,"age": 22,"username": "shaonian","nickname": "骚年轮","money": 96.8,"desc": "骚年在大学毕业后，考研究生去了","sex": 1,"birthday": "1998-07-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1010,"age": 30,"username": "tata","nickname": "隔壁老王","money": 100.8,"desc": "隔壁老外去国外出差，带给我很多好吃的","sex": 1,"birthday": "1988-07-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1011,"age": 31,"username": "sparder","nickname": "皮特帕克","money": 180.8,"desc": "它是一个超级英雄","sex": 1,"birthday": "1989-08-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}{"id": 1012,"age": 31,"username": "super hero","nickname": "super hero","money": 188.8,"desc": "BatMan，GreenArrow，SpiderMan，IronMan... are all Super Hero","sex": 1,"birthday": "1980-08-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"
}

二、dsl搜索

1. 通过url构建(QueryString方式)

http://47.107.41.60:9200/shop/_search?q=desc:慕课网&q=age:20

1. 通过post构建(DSL方式)

路径: http://47.107.41.60:9200/shop/_doc/_search

参数

{"query":{"match":{"desc":"慕课网"}}
}

查询结果:

{"took": 9,"timed_out": false,"_shards": {"total": 3,"successful": 3,"skipped": 0,"failed": 0},"hits": {"total": {"value": 3,"relation": "eq"},"max_score": 1.4819028,"hits": [{"_index": "shop","_type": "_doc","_id": "1004","_score": 1.4819028,"_source": {"id": 1004,"age": 22,"username": "flyfish","nickname": "水中鱼","money": 55.8,"desc": "昨天在学校的池塘里，看到有很多鱼在游泳，然后就去慕课网上课了","sex": 0,"birthday": "1988-02-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"}},{"_index": "shop","_type": "_doc","_id": "1002","_score": 0.83427787,"_source": {"id": 1003,"age": 20,"username": "bigFace","nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰","money": 66.8,"desc": "慕课网团队和导游坐飞机去海外旅游,去了新马泰和欧洲","sex": 1,"birthday": "1996-01-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"}},{"_index": "shop","_type": "_doc","_id": "1003","_score": 0.83427787,"_source": {"id": 1003,"age": 20,"username": "bigFace","nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰","money": 66.8,"desc": "慕课网团队和导游坐飞机去海外旅游,去了新马泰和欧洲","sex": 1,"birthday": "1996-01-14","face": "https://gitee.com/static/images/logo-black.svg?t=158106664"}}]}
}

查找某个字段是否存在

3. 查询所有

1. http://47.107.41.60:9200/shop/_doc/_search（方式1）
2. match_all（方式2）
   
3. 查询某个字段
   
4. 分页
   from：0 // 从第0条开始
   size:10 // 每页大小
   

4. 查询关键字term、terms(不分词)

terms允许数组的形式

4. 查询关键字match_phrase

• match_phrase还是分词后去搜的
• 目标文档需要包含分词后的所有词
• 目标文档还要保持这些词的相对顺序和文档中的一致

slop为允许跳过词的数量

4. 查询关键字operator

operator里可以指明是and还是or，and是分词里的词要都匹配，or是匹配一个就行

4. 查询关键字minimum_should_match

多于百分之60将会被检测出来

多于2个将会被匹配出来

5. 根据id就行查询ids

6. 根据词语搜索多个字段里是否包含(multi_match)

提高某个字段的权重boost
eg: 提高nickname字段的权重，可以在字段的后面加上^10

7. 布尔查询

可以组合多重查询

• must：查询必须匹配搜索条件，譬如 and
• should：查询匹配满足1个以上条件，譬如 or
• must_not：不匹配搜索条件，一个都不要满足
  操作

还可以使用boost进行加权

8. 过滤器（post_filter）

代表的是检索完成后进行的过滤，效率高，对结果进行过滤，也不会进行分值的计算
range代表范围
gt代表大于
lt代表小于
gte: 大于等于
lte: 小于等于

9. 排序

• es的排序同sql，可以desc也可以asc。也支持组合排序。
  
  对text进行排序，会报错，通常我们可以为这个字段增加额外的一个附属属性，类型为keyword，用于做排序。

主属性.keyword

10.高亮显示

添加highlight，同时可以指定前缀后缀

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