辩论赛：修改 DOM 是同步的还是异步的
正方：修改 DOM 是同步的
反方：修改 DOM 是异步的
正方论词：
The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents. It provides a structured representation of the document and it defines a way that the structure can be accessed from programs so that they can change the document structure, style and content.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document_Object_Model/Introduction
DOM 全称文档对象模型，是一个修改文档结构的接口。
在 Javascript 中，DOM 体现为特定的 Javascript 对象。这类对象和普通对象没有什么区别，对它的修改是同步的。
document.body.firstChild.nodeValue = 'Test';
document.body.firstChild.nodeValue === 'Test'; // true
反方论词：
The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents. It provides a structured representation of the document and it defines a way that the structure can be accessed from programs so that they can change the document structure, style and content.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document_Object_Model/Introduction
DOM 全称文档对象模型，是一个修改文档结构的接口。
换句话说，DOM 是一个修改文档结构的途径。修改 DOM 实际上是在修改文档结构。
在 JS 中，修改 DOM 需要两个环节，JS object 被修改，以及随后的文档结构被修改。
Adding & removing a DOM node is a few pointer swaps, not much more than setting a property on the JS object.
However, layout is slow. When you touch the DOM in any way, you set a dirty bit on the whole tree that tells the browser it needs to figure out where everything goes again. When JS hands control back to the browser, it invokes its layout algorithm (or more technically, it invokes its CSS recalc algorithm, then layout, then repaint, then re-compositing) to redraw the screen. The layout algorithm is quite complex - read the CSS spec to understand some of the rules - and that means it often has to make non-local decisions.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9155564
修改 DOM 对象仅是改变了 JS object，实际的生效过程还需要经过 layout 才能反映到文档结构上，而这一过程永远是异步的。
既然修改文档结构永远是异步的，而修改文档结构是修改 DOM 中的一个环节，那么修改 DOM 也就永远是异步的了。
@pod2g 你是评委。
关键字：JavaScript, dom, 修改, the
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