apply plugins:和plugins{}的区别.Android Studio

1、“plugins {}”块导入的是Gradle官方插件仓库里的插件。如果使用“buildscript {}”块指定第三方库作为Gradle插件的话，指定插件就需要使用“apply plugin”了。
2、“apply plugin”用途更多，而“plugins {}”块是一个新引入的还不足够稳定的特性。
3、apply plugin 可以用在 allprojects 和 subprojects 中。
4、两者一般可以互换

例如

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
/*必须按照顺序写否则会报错
startup failed:
build file 'D:\Android Studio\Android Studio-workspace\Memory\app\build.gradle': 3: only buildscript {} and other plugins {} script blocks are allowed before plugins {} blocks, no other statements are allowedSee https://docs.gradle.org/5.4.1/userguide/plugins.html#sec:plugins_block for information on the plugins {} block发现是在新建Activity、BroadcastReceiver时总会自动加入apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'在plugins{}语句前面导致发生错误
*/
android {compileSdkVersion 31buildToolsVersion "31.0.0"defaultConfig {applicationId "com.example.memory"minSdkVersion 21targetSdkVersion 31versionCode 1versionName "1.0"testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"}buildTypes {release {minifyEnabled falseproguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'}}
}dependencies {implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.2'implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.0.2'implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.3.0'testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.0'androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
}

plugins{id 'com.android.application'id 'kotlin-android'id 'kotlin-android-extensions'id 'kotlin-kapt'
}
android {compileSdkVersion 31buildToolsVersion "31.0.0"defaultConfig {applicationId "com.example.memory"minSdkVersion 21targetSdkVersion 31versionCode 1versionName "1.0"testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"}buildTypes {release {minifyEnabled falseproguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'}}
}dependencies {implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.2'implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.0.2'implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.3.0'implementation 'androidx.room:room-runtime:2.1.0'kapt 'androidx.room:room-compiler:2.1.0'testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.0'androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
}

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