使用python3处理解码email
最近遇到了个需求，需要使用python来解码email文件（.eml),途中发现了一些问题，虽然网上有一些使用python自带库email来处理的，但是由于版本问题，部分代码已经跑不通了，因此重新写了个工具类来解码邮件和从邮件里提取信息。
遇到的一些问题：部分邮件的subject,from,to会经过编码，需要一定处理才能提取
还有就是邮件正文本身也可能是会用不同的加密方式拼接而成的（一般不会这样），因此需要逐块读取，通过邮件里指定的解码方式进行解码
Received: from 192.168.208.56 ( 192.168.208.56 [192.168.208.56] ) byajax-webmail-wmsvr37 (Coremail) ; Thu, 12 Apr 2007 12:07:48 +0800 (CST)
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2007 12:07:48 +0800 (CST)
From: user1 <xxxxxxxx@163.com>
To: zhaowei <zhaoweikid@163.com>
Message-ID: <31571419.200911176350868321.JavaMail.root@bj163app37.163.com>
Subject: =?gbk?B?u+nJtA==?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/Alternative; boundary="----=_Part_21696_28113972.1176350868319"------=_Part_21696_28113972.1176350868319
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=gbk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64ztLS0b+qyrzS1M6qysfSu7j20MfG2ru70ru0zqOs1K3AtMrH0ru49tTCtffSu7TOztLDx8/W1NrT
prjDysew67XjssXE3MjI1ebC6bezICAg
------=_Part_21696_28113972.1176350868319
Content-Type: text/html; charset=gbk
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable<DIV>=CE=D2=D2=D1=BF=AA=CA=BC=D2=D4=CE=AA=CA=C7=D2=BB=B8=F6=D0=C7=C6=DA=BB=
=BB=D2=BB=B4=CE=A3=AC=D4=AD=C0=B4=CA=C7=D2=BB=B8=F6=D4=C2=B5=F7=D2=BB=B4=CE=
DIV>
<DIV>=CE=D2=C3=C7=CF=D6=D4=DA=D3=A6=B8=C3=CA=C7=B0=EB=B5=E3=B2=C5=C4=DC=C8=
=C8DIV>
<DIV>=D5=E6=C2=E9=B7=B3DIV>
------=_Part_21696_28113972.1176350868319--
最终工具类：
import email.header
import os
from email.parser import Parser
import jsonclass MailReader(object):"""用于读取eml文件，并把各个字段保存下来使用python3.7内置的email包"""def __init__(self, eml_path="", debug=False):"""初始化属性"""self.raw_email = Noneself.email_content = Noneself.process_log = ""self.debug = debugself.header_dict = {}self.mail_text = ""self.all_links = []if eml_path:self.__MailReader(eml_path)@staticmethoddef decodeHeader(header_str):"""输入需要解码的header字符串，返回解码结果"""temp = email.header.decode_header(header_str)result = email.header.make_header(temp)return resultdef toString(self):"""打印整个邮件以及日志"""print("email内容:", self.email_content)if self.debug:print("process_log:", self.process_log)return self.email_contentdef toDict(self):"""把header转换为字典形式,From,To,Subject需要单独解码"""each_key: strif self.header_dict != {}:return self.header_dictfor each_key in set(self.email_content.keys()):self.header_dict.update({each_key: self.email_content.get_all(each_key)})for each_key in ["From", "To", "Subject"]:temp = []for each_str in self.header_dict.get(each_key):each_str = str(self.decodeHeader(each_str))temp.append(each_str)self.header_dict.update({each_key: temp})return self.header_dictdef toJson(self):"""把header转换为json格式"""if self.header_dict == {}:self.header_dict = self.toDict()return json.dumps(self.header_dict)def __MailReader(self, eml_path):"""读取邮件"""try:if os.path.exists(eml_path):with open(eml_path) as fp:self.raw_email = fp.read()self.email_content = Parser().parsestr(self.raw_email)except Exception as e:self.process_log += "读取邮件失败:" + str(e)self.toString()return selfdef parseMail(self, eml_path):"""输入邮件路径，用email库整理邮件"""self.header_dict = {}return self.__MailReader(eml_path)def getContent(self):"""循环遍历数据块并尝试解码,暂时只处理text数据"""all_content = []for par in self.email_content.walk():if not par.is_multipart(): # 这里要判断是否是multipart，是的话，里面的数据是无用的str_charset = par.get_content_charset(failobj=None) # 当前数据块的编码信息str_content_type = par.get_content_type()if str_content_type in ('text/plain', 'text/html'):content = par.get_payload(decode=True)all_content.append(content.decode(str_charset))self.mail_text = all_contentreturn all_contentdef getLinks(self):"""通过正则表达式，匹配超链接以及显示的属性内容，格式如下[('https://rashangharper.com/wp-admin/user/welllz/display/login.html', 'wellsfargo.com')]"""if self.all_links:return self.all_linksall_links = []pattern = '(.*?)'if self.mail_text == "":self.getContent()for part in self.mail_text:links = re.findall(pattern, part)all_links += linksself.all_links = all_linksreturn all_linksif __name__ == '__main__':a = MailReader("fakeherf.eml").getLinks()print(a)本文来自互联网用户投稿，文章观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本站立场，不承担相关法律责任。如若转载，请注明出处。 如若内容造成侵权/违法违规/事实不符，请点击【内容举报】进行投诉反馈！