《语法哲学》的精华(1)

前言

本篇博客是观看天津师范大学王立柱教授根据丹麦语言学家奥托·叶斯柏森的代表作《语法哲学》创作的《语法哲学》的精华(1),视频总结的小笔记。
王立柱老师的《语法哲学》的精华,主要教授的是如何解决英语上的长难句,如果大家感兴趣可以访问连接进行观看学习,也欢迎大家在视频下进行讨论交流。
《语法哲学》的精华(1)

语法哲学的精华

  • 前言
  • 英语的矛盾
    • 一、分置
      • 1.1定语从句与先行词的分置
      • 1.2其他分置

英语的矛盾

英语的矛盾
英语的矛盾:树形结构(递归)主句是根,根下面有枝(从句);要详尽,就需要从句;要流畅就要减少从句。
The boy,who was crying as if his heart would break ,said ,when I spoke to him, he was very hungry,because he had had no food for two days.
那个男孩,哭的心都要碎了,我和他说话时 ,他说他两天没有次东西了,饿极了。
在这里插入图片描述

一、分置

简化从句的第一种方法:把从句从主句中分离出来,和主句并列,形成近似并列句。

1.1定语从句与先行词的分置

(1) In order to carry out ideas men are needed who can exert practical force
为了实现思想,就要有善于实践的人
(2)The day is not far off when we shall have to plunge back in search of the wisdom of the people
我们必须果敢地回头,寻求人民的智慧,这个日子已经不远了。
(3)History calls those men the greatest who have ennobled themselves by working for the common good.
历史把那些为人类的共同目标因而自己变的高尚的人称为最伟大的人物。——马克思

1.2其他分置

(1)形式主语
It cannot be denied that Newton was a great genius
牛顿是一个伟大的天才,这毋庸置疑
(2)形式宾语
She made it appear clearly that he had committed many offences.
她指明他干了许多坏事。
(3)同位语
When reports came into London Zoon that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,they were not taken seriously.
在伦敦以南45公里处发现一只美洲豹,消息传到伦敦动物园时并没有收到重视。
(4)强调的同位语
Such is human nature that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
许多人宁愿少挣点,也要做体面的白领,重视人之常情。
(5)强调句
It is in the measure that man has learned to change nature that his intelligence has increased
人在怎样的程度上学会改变自然界,人的智力就在怎样的程度上发展起来


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