4、Deployment 运行应用，提示Flag --replicas has been deprecated, has no effect and will be removed in the

 例如 kubectl create、kubectl replace、kubectl edit 和 kubectl patch。

[root@master ~]# kubectl run nginx-app --image=nginx --replicas=2
Flag --replicas has been deprecated, has no effect and will be removed in the future.
pod/nginx-app created

在K8S v1.18.0以后，–replicas已弃用 ,推荐用 deployment 创建 pods

使用yaml文件的方式，创建nginx服务

这里还是修改一下以前下面的步骤还是有些问题的下面创建了没有deployment ,只有一个pod

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app   1/1     Running   0          46s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get deployment
No resources found in default namespace.

处理方式一：继续需要命令

step1、 删除上面语句产生的nnginx-app

[root@master ~]# kubectl delete  pod nginx-app
pod "nginx-app" deleted
[root@master ~]# 

step2、使用kubectl create 命令

[root@master ~]# kubectl create  deployment  nginx-app   --image=nginx   --replicas=2
deployment.apps/nginx-app created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get deployment
NAME        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-app   2/2     2            2           36s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app-d6ff45774-9679z   1/1     Running   0          69s
nginx-app-d6ff45774-vpd2p   1/1     Running   0          69s

step 3、使用命令查看

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide 
NAME                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP            NODE    NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-app-d6ff45774-9679z   1/1     Running   0          113s   10.244.2.61   node2              
nginx-app-d6ff45774-vpd2p   1/1     Running   0          113s   10.244.2.62   node2              

 step4、暴漏服务

[root@master ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --port=80 --type=LoadBalancer
service/nginx-app exposed
[root@master ~]# 

step5：查看服务状态(查看对外的端口)

kubectl get services

[root@master ~]# kubectl get services
NAME         TYPE           CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
nginx-app    LoadBalancer   10.1.180.216        80:31972/TCP   2m14s

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-app-d6ff45774-9679z   1/1     Running   0          54m
pod/nginx-app-d6ff45774-vpd2p   1/1     Running   0          54mNAME                 TYPE           CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP      10.1.0.1               443/TCP        219d
service/mysql        ClusterIP      10.1.223.6             3306/TCP       195d
service/nginx-app    LoadBalancer   10.1.180.216        80:31972/TCP   50m
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE           CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP      10.1.0.1               443/TCP        219d
mysql        ClusterIP      10.1.223.6             3306/TCP       195d
nginx-app    LoadBalancer   10.1.180.216        80:31972/TCP   51m

删除services：kubectl delete  services  nginx-app   有时候删除了deployment但是services还在

step6：浏览器校验（集群ip：端口）

处理方式二：使用yaml

step1：删除上面语句生成的nginx-app

#找到原先安装的pod的name

kubectl get pods

#删除上面语句产生的nnginx-app

kubectl delete pods nginx-app 

step2：vi nginx.yaml

将下面的内容粘贴到nginx.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1 # API 版本号
kind: Deployment  # 类型，如：Pod/ReplicationController/Deployment/Service/Ingress
metadata:    # Kind 的名称name: nginx-app
spec:selector:matchLabels:  # 容器标签的名字，发布 Service 时，selector 需要和这里对应app: nginxreplicas: 2  # 部署的实例数量template:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:containers:   # 配置容器，数组类型，说明可以配置多个容器- name: nginx     # 容器名称image: nginx:1.17   # 容器镜像imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent   # 只有镜像不存在时，才会进行镜像拉取ports:- containerPort: 80  # Pod 端口

step3：创建

kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml

① kubectl 发送部署请求到 API Server。

② API Server 通知 Controller Manager 创建一个 deployment 资源。

③ Scheduler 执行调度任务，将两个副本 Pod 分发到 k8s-node1 和 k8s-node2。

④ k8s-node1 和 k8s-node2 上的 kubectl 在各自的节点上创建并运行 Pod。

补充两点：

1. 应用的配置和当前状态信息保存在 etcd 中，执行 kubectl get pod 时 API Server 会从 etcd 中读取这些数据。

2. flannel 会为每个 Pod 都分配 IP。因为没有创建 service，目前 kube-proxy 还没参与进来。

step4：查看

查看语句 Pods

kubectl get pods / kubectl get deployment/kubectl get pod -o wide

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-2vrkf   1/1     Running   0          21h
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-vs6g6   1/1     Running   0          21h
[root@master ~]# kubectl get deployment
NAME        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-app   2/2     2            2           21h
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE    NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-n25m9   1/1     Running   0          14m   10.244.1.3   node1              
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-vln2j   1/1     Running   0          14m   10.244.2.4   node2              

step5：查看更详细的信息kubectl describe deployment

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe deployment
Name:                   nginx-app
Namespace:              default
CreationTimestamp:      Mon, 14 Dec 2020 13:21:29 +0800
Labels:                 
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Selector:               app=nginx
Replicas:               2 desired | 2 updated | 2 total | 2 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:Labels:  app=nginxContainers:nginx:Image:        nginx:1.17Port:         80/TCPHost Port:    0/TCPEnvironment:  Mounts:       Volumes:        
Conditions:Type           Status  Reason----           ------  ------Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailableProgressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets:  
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-app-7f4fc68488 (2/2 replicas created)
Events:          

 Events 是 Deployment 的日志，记录了 ReplicaSet 的启动过程。（这里没有记录）

通过上面的分析，也验证了 Deployment 通过 ReplicaSet 来管理 Pod 的事实。接着我们将注意力切换到nginx-app-7f4fc68488，执行 kubectl get replicaset：或者 kubectl get rs

[root@master ~]# kubectl get replicaset
NAME                   DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
nginx-app-7f4fc68488   2         2         2       101m

两个副本已经就绪，用 kubectl describe replicaset 查看详细信息：

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe replicaset nginx-app-7f4fc68488
Name:           nginx-app-7f4fc68488
Namespace:      default
Selector:       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=7f4fc68488
Labels:         app=nginxpod-template-hash=7f4fc68488
Annotations:    deployment.kubernetes.io/desired-replicas: 2deployment.kubernetes.io/max-replicas: 3deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Controlled By:  Deployment/nginx-app
Replicas:       2 current / 2 desired
Pods Status:    2 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
Pod Template:Labels:  app=nginxpod-template-hash=7f4fc68488Containers:nginx:Image:        nginx:1.17Port:         80/TCPHost Port:    0/TCPEnvironment:  Mounts:       Volumes:        
Events:           
[root@master ~]# 

Controlled By 指明此 ReplicaSet 是由 Deployment nginx-app 创建。Events 记录了两个副本 Pod 的创建。接着我们来看 Pod，执行 kubectl get pod：

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-n25m9   1/1     Running   0          103m
nginx-app-7f4fc68488-vln2j   1/1     Running   0          103m

两个副本 Pod 都处于 Running 状态，用 kubectl describe pod 查看更详细的信息：

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe pod
Name:         nginx-app-7f4fc68488-n25m9
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         node1/10.70.36.251
Start Time:   Mon, 14 Dec 2020 13:21:29 +0800
Labels:       app=nginxpod-template-hash=7f4fc68488
Annotations:  
Status:       Running
IP:           10.244.1.3
IPs:IP:           10.244.1.3
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-app-7f4fc68488
Containers:nginx:Container ID:   docker://f131d31db0a45cc206c9ca3e36573e7687917c94caed09b5ab1357b7df44aa7dImage:          nginx:1.17Image ID:       docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:6fff55753e3b34e36e24e37039ee9eae1fe38a6420d8ae16ef37c92d1eb26699Port:           80/TCPHost Port:      0/TCPState:          RunningStarted:      Mon, 14 Dec 2020 13:22:01 +0800Ready:          TrueRestart Count:  0Environment:    Mounts:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-6x5lr (ro)
Conditions:Type              StatusInitialized       True Ready             True ContainersReady   True PodScheduled      True 
Volumes:default-token-6x5lr:Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)SecretName:  default-token-6x5lrOptional:    false
QoS Class:       BestEffort
Node-Selectors:  
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300snode.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:          Name:         nginx-app-7f4fc68488-vln2j
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         node2/10.70.36.252
Start Time:   Mon, 14 Dec 2020 13:21:29 +0800
Labels:       app=nginxpod-template-hash=7f4fc68488
Annotations:  
Status:       Running
IP:           10.244.2.4
IPs:IP:           10.244.2.4
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-app-7f4fc68488
Containers:nginx:Container ID:   docker://9cde45864776ac8915490db7d78621a93ca016a69f77a11a3f3e0d48dd9e2f33Image:          nginx:1.17Image ID:       docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:6fff55753e3b34e36e24e37039ee9eae1fe38a6420d8ae16ef37c92d1eb26699Port:           80/TCPHost Port:      0/TCPState:          RunningStarted:      Mon, 14 Dec 2020 13:29:09 +0800Ready:          TrueRestart Count:  0Environment:    Mounts:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-6x5lr (ro)
Conditions:Type              StatusInitialized       True Ready             True ContainersReady   True PodScheduled      True 
Volumes:default-token-6x5lr:Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)SecretName:  default-token-6x5lrOptional:    false
QoS Class:       BestEffort
Node-Selectors:  
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300snode.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:          

Controlled By 指明此 Pod 是由 ReplicaSet nginx-app-7f4fc68488 创建。Events 记录了 Pod 的启动过程。如果操作失败（比如 image 不存在），也能在这里查看到原因。

总结一下这个过程：

1. 用户通过 kubectl 创建 Deployment。

2. Deployment 创建 ReplicaSet。

3. ReplicaSet 创建 Pod

从上图也可以看出，对象的命名方式是：子对象的名字 = 父对象名字 + 随机字符串或数字

step6：如果要删除这些资源，执行 kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment 或者 kubectl delete -f nginx.yml。

step7：暴露服务

kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --port=80 --type=LoadBalancer

step8：查看服务状态(查看对外的端口)

kubectl get services

step9：浏览器校验

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