python绘制动图

利用matplotlib.animation中的ArtistAnimation方法

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000, endpoint=True)
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(ncols=1, nrows=2)
ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)
ax1.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)
ax2.set_xlim(-50, 50)
ax2.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)
ims = []
ims1 = []
for b in np.arange(-40000, 40000, 10000):for a in np.arange(1, 10):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * (t - b / 1000)/a * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - b / 1000)/a) ** 2 / 2)im = ax1.plot(t, phi.real, color='k')  # 散点图用ax1.plot(t, phi.real, color='k').findobj()im1 = ax2.plot(t, phi.imag, color='k')ims.append(im)ims1.append(im1)ani = ma.ArtistAnimation(fig, ims, interval=100, repeat=True)
ani1 = ma.ArtistAnimation(fig, ims1, interval=100, repeat=True)
ani.save('morlet1.gif')
ani1.save('morlet1.gif')
plt.show()

在保存的时候只能选择一张图保存，不知道有啥方法可以实现。

利用matplotlib.animation中的FuncAnimation

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000, endpoint=True)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlim(-50,50)
ax.set_ylim(-1.5,1.5)
line, = ax.plot([], [])
point = [[],[]]
def update(b):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * 1 * (t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3 * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3) ** 2 / 2)phi = phi.realxdata = tydata = phipoint = [xdata, ydata]line.set_data(*point)return [line]ani = ma.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=80, repeat=False, interval=100)
ani.save('wt.gif')
plt.show()

这种方式感觉只能改变一个参数，而且得通过line_set_data把数据加进去

两种方法都可以实现动图，但第一种方法速度较慢，该方法是将plot画在一个im里面，然后在通过ArtistAnimation函数显示出来，所以这种方法较为灵活，而第二种方法使用update(n)函数去更新，其中的n是frames=n这个n，取值是0-n，所以想实现一个参数不变而另一个参数改变，目前通过这种方法没查到好的方法。
如果只是想显示一下，不保存这种简单的方式也可以

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltfig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlim(-50,50)
ax.set_ylim(-1.5,1.5)
t = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000,endpoint=True)for b in np.arange(-40000, 40000, 10000):for a in np.arange(1, 10):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * (t - b / 1000)/a * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - b / 1000)/a) ** 2 / 2)plt.ion()plt.cla()plt.plot(t, phi.real)plt.pause(0.0001)

绘制多ax

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000, endpoint=True)
fig, (ax, ax1) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=1)  # 这里如要定义多个ax，则需要给定行和列，不然会报错
line, = ax.plot([], [])
line1, = ax1.plot([], [])def init():ax.set_xlim(-50, 50)ax.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)ax1.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)def update(b):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * 1 * (t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3 * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3) ** 2 / 2)phi1 = phi.realphi2 = phi.imagline.set_data(t,phi1)line1.set_data(t,phi2)return line,line1ani = ma.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=80, init_func= init, repeat=True, interval=100)
ani.save('wt.gif', writer='ffmpeg')
plt.show()

同一个ax显示两幅图，多数据点显示类似

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000, endpoint=True)
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
# line = ax.plot([], [], 'k', [], [], 'r')
line1, = ax1.plot([], [], 'k') # 此处line后面一定加逗号
line2, = ax1.plot([], [], 'r')def init():ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)ax1.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)return line1,line2def update(b):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * 1 * (t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3 * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3) ** 2 / 2)phi1 = phi.realphi2 = phi.imagline1.set_data(t,phi1)line2.set_data(t,phi2)return line1, line2ani = ma.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=80, init_func= init, repeat=True, interval=100)
ani.save('wt1.gif')
plt.show()

也可以这样

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.linspace(-50, 50, 1000, endpoint=True)
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
line = ax1.plot([], [], 'k', [], [], 'r') #此处直接定义line2D，line后面不用加逗号def init():ax1.set_xlim(-50, 50)ax1.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)return linedef update(b):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * 1 * (t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3 * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - (100 * b - 4000) / 100) / 3) ** 2 / 2)phi1 = phi.realphi2 = phi.imagline[0].set_data(t,phi1)line[1].set_data(t,phi2)return lineani = ma.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=80, init_func= init, repeat=True, interval=100)
ani.save('wt1.gif')
plt.show()

用FuncAnimation完美实现多参数改变并保存

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as mat = np.arange(-50,50,0.01)
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=1)
line1, = ax1.plot([], [], color='k')
line2, = ax2.plot([], [], color='k')
ax1.set_xlim(min(t), max(t))
ax1.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)
ax2.set_xlim(min(t), max(t))
ax2.set_ylim(-1.5, 1.5)y1 = []
y2 = []
for time in np.arange(-40,40,1):for scale in np.arange(1,10):phi = np.exp(2 * np.pi * 1 * (t - time) / scale * 1j) * np.exp(-((t - time) /  scale) ** 2 / 2)phi = np.array(phi)y1.append(phi.real)y2.append(phi.imag)def update(frame):line1.set_data(t, y1[frame])line2.set_data(t, y2[frame])return line1,line2ani = ma.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=len(y1), interval=50, repeat=False)
ani.save('perc.tif')
plt.show()

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