C++ 设计一个Rectangle类,计算周长，面积，并绘制出来

我们先创建具有属性length(长度)和width(宽度)的类Rectangle(长方形)，这两个属性的默认值为1。分别提供计算长方形perimeter(周长)和area(面积)的成员函数。另外，为length和width两个属性提供设置和获取函数。设置函数应该验证length和width是大于0.0且小于20.0的浮点数。

 以下就是上述的实现代码:

//Rectangle类.cpp 
#include 
#include //使用了这个头文件中的stew（）来设置输出宽度
using namespace std;
class Rectangle
{private:float length;float width;public:Rectangle()//Initialize in constructor（构造函数初始化数据成员）{length=1.0;width=1.0;}void setLength( float leng )//Length的设置函数{if( leng>0 || leng<20 )//保证>0且<20{length=leng;}else{cout << "Length out of range!!" << endl;}}void setWidth( float wid )//Width的设置函数{if( wid>0 || wid<20 ){width=wid;}else{cout << "Width out of range!!" << endl;}}float getLength()//Length的获取函数{return length;}float getWidth()//Width的获取函数{return width;}float perimerter()//计算周长{return 2.0*width+2.0*length;}float area()//计算面积{return width*length;}
};
int main()
{Rectangle rectangle;//创建一个Rectangle的对象float l;float w;cout << "Please enter the length and width of the rectangle :"<> l >> w ;rectangle.setLength( l );rectangle.setWidth( w );cout << "The perimerter of the rectangle is:"<< setw(4) << rectangle.perimerter() << endl << endl;cout << "The area of the rectangle is:" << setw(4) << rectangle.area() << endl << endl;return 0;
}

下面我们将创建一个比上面更复杂的Rectangle类。这个类只保存长方形四个角的笛卡儿坐标值。构造函数调用一个设置函数。该设置函数接受四组坐标值，验证它们都在第一象限中，没有一个x坐标或y坐标大于20.0，还验证提供的坐标确实构成长方形。该类提供成员函数计算length、width、perimeter 和area，其中长度是两维中的较大者。这个类还包含判定函数square，用以确定长方形是否是一个正方形。

代码实现如下：

//增强的Rectangle类.cpp #include 
#include 
using namespace std;
class Rectangle
{private:float x1,x2,x3,x4;float y1,y2,y3,y4;int define; public:Rectangle(float a,float b,float c,float d,float e,float f,float g,float h)//Initialize in constructor{setCoordinatesX(a,b,c,d);setCoordinatesY(e,f,g,h);if(x1==x3 && x2==x4 && y1==y2 && y3==y4){cout << "this is a rectangle" << endl;}}void setCoordinatesX(float X1,float X2,float X3,float X4 ){if(X1>=0&&X1<=20 && X2>=0&&X2<=20 && X3>=0&&X3<=20 && X4>=0&&X4<=20 ){x1=X1;x2=X2;x3=X3;x4=X4;define=1;	}else{cout << "x out of range" << endl;define=0;}} void setCoordinatesY(float Y1,float Y2,float Y3,float Y4 ){if(Y1>=0&&Y1<=20 && Y2>=0&&Y2<=20 && Y3>=0&&Y3<=20 && Y4>=0&&Y4<=20 ){y1=Y1;y2=Y2;y3=Y3;y4=Y4;define=1;	}else{cout << "y out of range" << endl;define=0;}} float length(){if( (x2-x1) < (y1-y3) ){cout << "Error: Length is less than width" << endl;}return x2-x1;}float width(){return y1-y3;}float perimeter()//计算周长 {return 2*(x2-x1)+2*(y1-y3);}float area(){return (x2-x1)*(y1-y3);}void square()//判定函数 {if( define==1 && (x1-x2)==(y1-y2) ){cout << "The rectangle is a square" <>x1 >>x2 >>x3 >>x4>>y1 >>y2 >>y3 >>y4;Rectangle a(x1,x2,x3,x4,y1,y2,y3,y4);cout << "The length is : "    << a.length()    << endl;cout << "The width is : "     << a.width()     << endl;cout << "The perimeter is : " << a.perimeter() << endl;cout << "The area is : "      << a.area()      << endl;a.square();//判定是否为正方形return 0;
}

下面我们将继续增强这个Rectangle类，使它包含draw、setFillCharacter和setPerimeterCharacter函数。draw成员函数在长方形所在第一象限的25x25封闭框中显示该长方形;setFillCharacter函数指定要绘制的长方形外部的字符，setPerimeterChar acter函数指定用来绘制长方形边缘的字符。这样我们就可以把长方形给绘制出来了。

 实现代码如下：

#include 
#include using namespace std;
class Rectangle
{private:float x1,x2,x3,x4;float y1,y2,y3,y4;int define;char outnumber,a;char innumber,b;float Length;float Width;public:Rectangle(float a,float b,float c,float d,float e,float f,float g,float h);//Initialize in constructorvoid setCoordinatesX(float X1,float X2,float X3,float X4 );void setCoordinatesY(float Y1,float Y2,float Y3,float Y4 );float length();float width();float perimeter();float area();void square();void draw();void setFillCharacter(char outnumber);void setPerimeterCharacter(char innumber);char getPerimeterCharacter();char getFillCharacter();
};Rectangle::Rectangle(float a,float b,float c,float d,float e,float f,float g,float h)//Initialize in constructor{setCoordinatesX(a,b,c,d);setCoordinatesY(e,f,g,h);define=0;outnumber='*';innumber='#';if(x1==x3 && x2==x4 && y1==y2 && y3==y4){cout << "This is a rectangle !" << endl;}	 }void Rectangle:: setCoordinatesX(float X1,float X2,float X3,float X4 ){if(X1>=0&&X1<=20 && X2>=0&&X2<=20 && X3>=0&&X3<=20 && X4>=0&&X4<=20 ){x1=X1;x2=X2;x3=X3;x4=X4;define=1;	}else{cout << "x out of range" << endl;define=0;}}void Rectangle:: setCoordinatesY(float Y1,float Y2,float Y3,float Y4 ){if(Y1>=0&&Y1<=20 && Y2>=0&&Y2<=20 && Y3>=0&&Y3<=20 && Y4>=0&&Y4<=20 ){y1=Y1;y2=Y2;y3=Y3;y4=Y4;define=1;	}else{cout << "y out of range" << endl;define=0;}}float Rectangle:: length(){if( (x2-x1) < (y1-y3) ){cout << "Error: Length is less than width" << endl;}Length = x2-x1;return Length;}float Rectangle:: width(){Width =  y1-y3;return Width;}float Rectangle:: perimeter()//计算周长 {return 2*(x2-x1)+2*(y1-y3);}float Rectangle:: area(){return (x2-x1)*(y1-y3);}void Rectangle:: square()//判定函数 {if( define==1 && (x1-x2)==(y1-y2) ){cout << "The rectangle is a square" <=0;i--)	{	cout<=y3)	{	if(j==x1 || j==x2)cout<x3)	{cout<>x1 >>y1 >>x2 >>y2>>x3 >>y3 >>x4 >>y4;Rectangle a(x1,x2,x3,x4,y1,y2,y3,y4);cout << "The length is    : "      << a.length()    << endl;cout << "The width is     : "      << a.width()     << endl;cout << "The perimeter is : "      << a.perimeter() << endl;cout << "The area is      : "      << a.area()      << endl;a.square();cout << endl;a.setFillCharacter('#');a.setPerimeterCharacter('*');  a.draw();return 0;
} 

以上就是我对Rectangle类的设计，学习C++不久，能力有限，只能写到这里，若有不足，欢迎在评论区留言。

本文来自互联网用户投稿，文章观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本站立场，不承担相关法律责任。如若转载，请注明出处。 如若内容造成侵权/违法违规/事实不符，请点击【内容举报】进行投诉反馈！