springboot+mybatis多数据源配置及多数据源事务管理
前言
实际开发时有些业务需要进行多数据库的操作，如果进行了多数据库操作就需要考虑多数据库的事务
目录结构
1. 配置多数据源
ps：其实就是配置多个 datasource、sqlSessionFactory 和 transactionManager
1.1 导入坐标
<dependencies>
<dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId><version>2.0.0version>dependency>
<dependency><groupId>com.alibabagroupId><artifactId>druidartifactId><version>1.1.16version>dependency>
<dependency><groupId>mysqlgroupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>dependency>dependencies>1.2 application.yml
如果没有使用 druid连接池，那么将 url 改为 jdbc-url
spring:datasource:test1:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTCusername: rootpassword: roottest2:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTCusername: rootpassword: root1.3 实体类
数据库：test1中存在表 school1、test2中存在表 school2 ，两张表字段及类型都相同
- school1
public class School1 {private int id;private String name;private int age; } - school2 和 1相同，只是名字不同
…省略
1.4 配置类（重要）仔细检查
- DBConfig1：连接 test1 数据库
@Configuration@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hbsi.mapper.test1", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "test1SqlSessionTemplate")public class DBConfig1 {@Bean(name = "test1DataSource")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test1")public DataSource test1DataSource() {// return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); // 没有用到 druid ：return new DruidDataSource();}@Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionFactory")public SqlSessionFactory test1SqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();bean.setDataSource(test1DataSource());bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mapper/test1/*.xml"));return bean.getObject();}@Bean(name = "test1TransactionManager")public DataSourceTransactionManager test1TransactionManager() {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(test1DataSource());}@Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionTemplate")public SqlSessionTemplate testSqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception {return new SqlSessionTemplate(test1SqlSessionFactory());}} - DBConfig2：连接 test2 数据库
@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.hbsi.mapper.test2", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "test2SqlSessionTemplate") public class DBConfig2 {@Bean(name = "test2DataSource")@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test2")public DataSource test2DataSource() {return new DruidDataSource();}@Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")public SqlSessionFactory test2SqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();bean.setDataSource(test2DataSource());bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mapper/test2/*.xml"));return bean.getObject();}@Bean(name = "test2TransactionManager")public DataSourceTransactionManager test2TransactionManager() {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(test2DataSource());}@Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")public SqlSessionTemplate test2SqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception {return new SqlSessionTemplate(test2SqlSessionFactory());} }
1.5 mapper
-
两个 mapper 类
public interface School1Mapper {void insert(School1 school1);List<School1> selectAll(); }public interface School2Mapper {void insert(School1 school1);List<School1> selectAll(); } -
配置文件中的 mapper 文件
- school1
DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.hbsi.mapper.test1.School1Mapper"><resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.hbsi.entity.School1"><id column="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id" /><result column="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="name" /><result column="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age" />resultMap><insert id="insert" parameterType="com.hbsi.entity.School1">insert into school1 (id, `name`, age)values (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER})insert><select id="selectAll" resultMap="BaseResultMap">select id, `name`, agefrom school1select> mapper> - school2：
DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.hbsi.mapper.test1.School1Mapper"><resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.hbsi.entity.School1"><id column="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id" /><result column="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="name" /><result column="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age" />resultMap><insert id="insert" parameterType="com.hbsi.entity.School1">insert into school1 (id, `name`, age)values (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER})insert><select id="selectAll" resultMap="BaseResultMap">select id, `name`, agefrom school1select>mapper>
- school1
1.6 service4
@Service
public class SchoolService {@Autowiredprivate School1Mapper school1Mapper;@Autowiredprivate School2Mapper school2Mapper;public void save(){System.out.println("插入数据");school1Mapper.insert(new School1(2,"school张三",18));System.out.println("业务处理。。。");school2Mapper.insert(new School2(2,"school2张三",18));System.out.println("处理完毕。。。");}
}1.7 测试
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MapperTest {@Autowiredprivate SchoolService service;@Testpublic void test1(){service.save();}
}成功
2. 多数据源事务管理
这里采用spring的编程式事务控制，即 使用TransactionTemplate进行事务管理，当然也可以用分布式事务解决方案 seata，这里就不做演示了
seata官网
2.1 方式一：编程式事务控制
2.1.1 配置类
在配置类中注册指定事务管理器的 TransactionTemplate
- DBConfig1
@Bean(name = "test1TransactionTemplate") public TransactionTemplate test1TransactionTemplate(){return new TransactionTemplate(test1TransactionManager());} - DBConfig2
@Bean(name = "test2TransactionTemplate") public TransactionTemplate test2TransactionTemplate(){return new TransactionTemplate(test2TransactionManager());}
2.1.2 service
@Service
public class SchoolService {@Autowiredprivate School1Mapper school1Mapper;@Autowiredprivate School2Mapper school2Mapper;@Autowired@Qualifier("test1TransactionTemplate")TransactionTemplate test1TransactionTemplate;@Autowired@Qualifier("test2TransactionTemplate")TransactionTemplate test2TransactionTemplate;public void save2(){// execute 方法需要一个 TransactionCallBack接口，这里用 lambda的方式test1TransactionTemplate.execute((status1) ->{test2TransactionTemplate.execute((status2)->{try {school1Mapper.insert(new School1(3,"李四",18));school2Mapper.insert(new School2(3,"李四",18));System.out.println("模拟异常");int i = 1/0;}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();status1.setRollbackOnly(); // 事务1回滚status2.setRollbackOnly(); // 事务2回滚}return true; // 事务2提交});return true; // 事务1提交});}public void save(){System.out.println("插入数据");school1Mapper.insert(new School1(2,"school张三",18));System.out.println("业务处理。。。");school2Mapper.insert(new School2(2,"school2张三",18));System.out.println("处理完毕。。。");}
}测试save2() 为了结果的明显，我先清空了表中的数据
成功控制住了事务
注释掉异常再次测试：成功
如果想要多数据元事务
重用性更高的话，可以利用AOP + 注解方式实现
2.2 方式二：声明式事务控制
场景：插入 test1库中的school1 时，插入 test2 中的 school2
2.2.1 导入aop的依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aopartifactId>dependency>
2.2.2 主启动类加注解启用AspectJ自动代理
@SpringBootApplication@EnableTransactionManagement@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true) // 启用AspectJ自动代理public class MainApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);}}
2.2.2 service中使用当前的代理去调用
@Service
public class SchoolService {@Autowiredprivate School1Mapper school1Mapper;@Autowiredprivate School2Mapper school2Mapper;@Transactional(transactionManager = "test1TransactionManager")public void save3(){school1Mapper.insert(new School1(3,"王五1",18));// 获取当前的代理对象SchoolService schoolService = (SchoolService) AopContext.currentProxy();schoolService.saveSchool2();}@Transactional(transactionManager = "test2TransactionManager")public void saveSchool2(){school2Mapper.insert(new School2(3,"王五2",18));// 模拟异常int i = 1/0;}
}
测试结果：当 saveSchool2() 方法出现异常时，两个事务都进行了回滚
注释掉异常，成功插入数据
方式三（推荐）：DynamicDataSource多数据源框架
该框架属于苞米豆生态圈，也就是可以在MybatisPlus官网中查找，MyBatisPlus官网
官网才是最好的教程，看官网吧。。。。
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