SSM框架极速整合案例
SSM框架迅速上手实例
数据库准备
首先准备一张数据库的表:包含了三个字段:id、name、money;
其中id是主键,且自动增加。

创建一个Maven工程
单击左上角New窗口,新建工程,勾选上Create from archetype,在下面选上maven-archetype-webapp。

点击next

关于GroupId和ArtifactId的解释:
GroupId和ArtifactId被统称为“坐标”是为了保证项目唯一性而提出的,如果你要把你项目弄到maven本地仓库去,你想要找到你的项目就必须根据这两个id去查找。
GroupId一般分为多个段,这里我只说两段,第一段为域,第二段为公司名称。域又分为org、com、cn等等许多,其中org为非营利组织,com为商业组织。举个apache公司的tomcat项目例子:这个项目的GroupId是org.apache,它的域是org(因为tomcat是非营利项目),公司名称是apache,ArtifactId是tomcat。
比如我创建一个项目,我一般会将GroupId设置为cn.mht,cn表示域为中国,mht是我个人姓名缩写,ArtifactId设置为testProj,表示你这个项目的名称是testProj,依照这个设置,在你创建Maven工程后,新建包的时候,包结构最好是cn.zr.testProj打头的,如果有个StudentDao[Dao层的],它的全路径就是cn.zr.testProj.dao.StudentDao

此时创建完成之后,目录应该为上图那样,但打开发现还缺少了web模块,所以我们还需要添加上web模块。

先右键点击ssmRebuild,然后点击Add Framework Support

勾选上web Application,点击OK

以上便是完整的项目创建流程以及完整的文件目录结构,下面可以开始整合我们的SSM框架了。
不过约定规范是web层目录最好是使用名称webapp比较规范(用maven模板创建时就是默认的叫webapp),有需要的可以自己重新命名,我就用web的名字了。
SSM框架整合流程
引入pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion><groupId>com.itheimagroupId><artifactId>ssmRebuildartifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding><maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId><artifactId>spring-contextartifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASEversion>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectjgroupId><artifactId>aspectjweaverartifactId><version>1.8.7version>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId><artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASEversion>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId><artifactId>spring-txartifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASEversion>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId><artifactId>spring-testartifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASEversion>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId><artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASEversion>dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servletgroupId><artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId><version>2.5version>dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jspgroupId><artifactId>jsp-apiartifactId><version>2.0version>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatisgroupId><artifactId>mybatisartifactId><version>3.4.5version>dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatisgroupId><artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId><version>1.3.1version>dependency><dependency><groupId>mysqlgroupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId><version>5.1.6version>dependency><dependency><groupId>c3p0groupId><artifactId>c3p0artifactId><version>0.9.1.2version>dependency><dependency><groupId>junitgroupId><artifactId>junitartifactId><version>4.12version>dependency><dependency><groupId>jstlgroupId><artifactId>jstlartifactId><version>1.2version>dependency>dependencies>project>
创建实体类
在java目录下创建com.itheima.domain包,在domain实体包下创建实体类Account
package com.itheima.domain;public class Account {private Integer id;private String name;private Double money;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Double getMoney() {return money;}public void setMoney(Double money) {this.money = money;}
}
编写Mapper接口
在itheima包下创建一个mapper包,在包下写上接口AccountMapper
里面有两个方法,一个save保存方法每一个findAll查询方法
package com.itheima.mapper;import com.itheima.domain.Account;import java.util.List;public interface AccountMapper {public void save(Account account);public List<Account> findAll();
}
编写service接口
package com.itheima.service;import com.itheima.domain.Account;import java.util.List;public interface AccountService {public void save(Account account);public List<Account> findAll();}
再在service包下创建一个实现service接口的包:impl
在impl包中写上service接口的实现类,具体实现的业务逻辑将在这个实现类里进行编写
package com.itheima.service.impl;import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {@Overridepublic void save(Account account) {try {InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);mapper.save(account);sqlSession.commit();sqlSession.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic List<Account> findAll() {try {InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);List<Account> accountList = mapper.findAll();sqlSession.close();return accountList;} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}
}
编写controller层
在itheima包下再写上一个controller控制层的包,在包下写上AccountController类
package com.itheima.controller;import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import java.util.List;@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {@Autowiredprivate AccountService accountService;//保存@RequestMapping(value ="/save",produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8")@ResponseBodypublic String save(Account account){accountService.save(account);return "保存成功";}//查询@RequestMapping("/findAll")public ModelAndView findAll(){List<Account> accountList = accountService.findAll();ModelAndView md = new ModelAndView();md.addObject("accountList",accountList);md.setViewName("accountList");return md;}}
编写save页面:save.jsp
在web目录下编写save.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
<h1>添加账户信息表单h1>
<form name="accountForm" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/account/save" method="post">账户名称:<input type="text" name="name"> <br>账户金额:<input type="text" name="money"> <br><input type="submit" value="保存"> <br>
form>
body>
html>
编写accountList.jsp页面
在WEB-INF下创建一个目录pages,在pages中编写accountList.jsp页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head><title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
<h1>展示账户数据列表h1>
<table border="1"><tr><th>账户idth><th>账户名称th><th>账户金额th>tr><c:forEach items="${accountList}" var="account"><tr><td>${account.id}td><td>${account.name}td><td>${account.money}td>tr>c:forEach>table>
body>
html>
接下来写resources的配置文件
首先是Spring的配置文件,这里我取名叫applicationContext.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"><context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller">context:exclude-filter>context:component-scan>beans>
然后是jdbc.properties文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=121314
还有log4j日志文件:log4j.properties
#
# Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
#
# License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
# See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or .
#### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.err
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
#log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###log4j.rootLogger=all, stdout
然后是SpringMVC的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--组件扫描 扫controller--><context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"></context:component-scan><!--配置mvc注解驱动--><mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven><!--内部资源视图解析器-->
<bean id="resourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean><!--开放静态资源访问权限--><mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler></beans>
还有mapper包的映射文件
这里我保存在resources/com/itheima/mapper目录下
DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.AccountMapper"><insert id="save" parameterType="account">insert into account values(#{id},#{name},#{money})insert><select id="findAll" resultType="account">select * from accountselect>
mapper>
最后是mybatis的核心配置文件,我取名为sqlMapConfig.xml
DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><properties resource="jdbc.properties">properties><typeAliases><package name="com.itheima.domain">package>typeAliases><environments default="development"><environment id="development"><transactionManager type="JDBC">transactionManager><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}">property><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}">property><property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}">property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}">property>dataSource>environment>environments><mappers><package name="com.itheima.mapper">package>mappers>configuration>
项目写到这里就已经能跑了其实,接下里为该项目配置Tomcat服务器

IDEA右上角有一个Edit Configurations,我这里是因为配置过了,所以下面已经有了本项目的Tomcat服务器,如果你没配置过,单击它。

出现这个页面之后,点击左上角的绿色+号,拉到下面选择Tomcat Server
选择右边的local

然后最上面的name框是给你这个项目的Tomcat服务器取个名字,这个页面我们不需要做额外的操作,点击页面中的Deployment

单击右边的绿色+号,点击Artifact,添加上Tomcat打包方式,哪种都行,无论是war还是war exployed,选择完后点击OK即可。然后就可以跑起来了!
Tomcat部署完成后,会出现如下情况,当出现Deploy took xxxx milliseconds时,则表示成功!

因为当时我们在Tomcat的配置中并未设置特别明确的路由,默认的一启动就到了http://localhost:8080,所以Tomcat部署完成后会自动在浏览器中弹出网页

默认跳到了项目中web目录下的index.xml文件,之前我在里面改了原来的内容,改成了Hello SSM!如果你没有改过,则出现的应该是$END$。
在地址栏中,在8080后面加上地址:/save.jsp,则页面跳转到save.jsp页面

随意输入测试一下,比如名称为大魔王,金额为555,点击提交

可以看见保存成功,再去数据库中检查是否数据以及录入

以及成功了!
优化
刚刚的方式是比较原始的方式,还存在很多待优化的地方。例如
在实现AccountServiceImpl类时,代码过于冗余
package com.itheima.service.impl;import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {@Overridepublic void save(Account account) {//这一段过于冗余,每写一次就要重复写一遍try {InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);mapper.save(account);sqlSession.commit();sqlSession.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic List<Account> findAll() {try {InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);List<Account> accountList = mapper.findAll();sqlSession.close();return accountList;} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}
}
我们现在想的是,让Spring去替我们产生SqlSessionFactory,而不用我们自己手写这么多代码。
所以我们还剩最后一步:
MyBatis整合Spring
思路:
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.openSession();
AccountMapper accountMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
accountMapper.save(account);
/*
将session工厂交给Spring容器管理,从容器中获得执行操作的Mapper实例即可
*/
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
/*
将事务的控制交给Spring容器进行声明式事务控制
*/
怎么做呢?大概方法就是下面那样,将mybatis配置文件中的数据源信息以及包扫描操作全部转移到Spring的配置文件中,让Spring容器来帮我们进行Session工厂的创建。


这里我将sqlMapConfig.xml复制一份,叫sqlMapConfig-spring.xml,因为原来的方式是原始方式,所以保留一份。我们将在sqlMapConfig-spring.xml和applicationContext.xml文件中操作。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"><context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller">context:exclude-filter>context:component-scan><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties">context:property-placeholder><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}">property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}">property><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}">property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}">property>bean><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapConfig-spring.xml">property>bean><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.mapper">property>bean><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property>bean><tx:advice id="txAdvice"><tx:attributes><tx:method name="*"/>tx:attributes>tx:advice><aop:config><aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))">aop:advisor>aop:config>
beans>
如上所示,我们将数据源的引入不再放在mybatis的配置文件中,而是转放在spring的配置文件中,让spring来替我们操作数据库。还有原来在mybatis配置文件中的sqlSessionFactory操作(就是用来获取session工厂的操作),我们要怎么交给spring来解决呢?用SqlSessionFactory吗,可这个是mybatis包中的接口啊,又不是实现类。我们要用spring工厂来创建bean只能操作实现类啊,咋办呢?
这个时候就用到了我们在pom.xml中引入的依赖包了:
<dependency><groupId>org.mybatisgroupId><artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId><version>1.3.1version>dependency>
这个包就是专门用来spring整合mybatis的,这个包内提供了一个session工厂的实现类,就叫SqlSessionFactoryBean。
因为mybatis配置文件原有一些操作已经交给了spring来做,所以此时sqlMapConfig-spring.xml文件为:
DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><typeAliases><package name="com.itheima.domain">package>typeAliases>configuration>
此时的AccountServiceImpl类也由原来的原始方式改成了spring注解注入的方式:
package com.itheima.service.impl;import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {@Autowiredprivate AccountMapper accountMapper;@Overridepublic void save(Account account) {accountMapper.save(account);}@Overridepublic List<Account> findAll() {return accountMapper.findAll();}
}
至此大功告成啦,再按照之前的测试方法去测试就行了。
经过测试我没有问题,需要注意的是,后面我们的mybatis的配置文件在spring配置文件中用的是sqlMapConfig-spring.xml,原来的sqlMapConfig.xml是原始方式进行操作的。
还有整合中可能出现如下报错:

出现了工件部署(artifact deployment,百度翻译的)错误,我找到的错误是项目中引入的依赖jar包们没有在web目录下引入,就会报工件部署错误。
解决办法:在IDEA中点击左上角的File打开project struct

然后在打开的页面中点击Artifact,可以看见中间部分的WEB-INF目录下之有一个classes目录,我们只要在这个目录下创建一个lib包,然后点击上面的绿色+号引入用到的所有依赖即可




可以看见此时的web项目中有了lib目录,且lib目录中也有了所有需要的依赖,点击Apply关闭之后运行即可。
总结
完整的项目目录为:


还有注意还有其他报错的话,要注意一下target文件中是否都有了上面src源文件中的数据,没有的话会报错。

至此,SSM框架就整合完啦!!!
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