实验4 Linux安装与配置实验报告（部分英文）

实验题目

     实验4  Linux安装与配置

• 实验目的

(1) 掌握使用 RPM 进行软件安装与包管理的方法；

(2) 掌握 yum 在线安装方法和 yum 源替换方法；

(3) 掌握从源代码开始安装软件的方法。

二、实验内容概述

    实验环境： 安装好 CentOS Linux 7 的计算机（建议自备笔记本）1 台。

实验内容：①使用 RPM 安装 telnet-server，并完成远程 telnet 登陆验证。

            ②更新 yum 安装源为网易源，并完成 telnet 客户端的安装，并完成登陆 远程服务   器的验证。

三、实验结果及分析(根据实验过程记录： ①步骤截图及解释

②遇到的问题和解决办法 ③收获和体会等)

Experiment content (1):

Use RPM to install telnet server and complete remote telnet login verification.

•  Download the telnet server installation package

Step1： View CentOS version number

Step2： On http://vault.centos.org Download the corresponding version of the rpm package.

              Use the wget command to directly download the file to the Linux machine:

•  Installation of telnet

•   Start telnet service

After the installation, add xinetd service and telnet service to the startup

Finally, start the above two services

Check whether the service is turned on

Open ROOT account and log in directly via telnet

CentOS 7 uses firewalld firewall. Query whether port 23 is enabled

It shows that port 23 is not enabled. Use the following command to enable port 23

Reload firewall cmd

Re query whether port 23 is open

•  Log in to the Linux server using telnet to complete the verification

Experiment content (2):

Update the yum installation source to NetEase source, complete the installation of telnet client, and complete the verification of logging in to the remote server.

Step 1: Back up the yum source file in the directory/etc/yum.repos D/down

Step 2: Download the new Netease source repo package,

Step3: Replace source

Step4: Regenerate cache

Step 5: Verify the replacement result

Step6: 使用 yum 安装 telnet

Step 7: Log in to the local telnet server using telnet

Experiment content (3):

Compile and install software similar to code rain effect in the Matrix from the source code package.

Step 1: Install ncurses development library

Step 2: Download the cmatrix source code package using wget

Step3: Decompress the source code package

Step 4: Enter the source code directory and execute the three commands in sequence to complete the installation

Run the cmatrix program to see the effect：

Reflection question：

1. Briefly describe the differences between source code installation, yum installation and rpm installation

1. Yum installation can be seen as a way of online installation from the network. Just need the yum install software name, the system will automatically download the installation package according to the image location in the yum source configuration file, and can automatically analyze the required software dependencies and automatically install the required dependent software packages. This method is suitable for beginners, simple and convenient, without considering dependency. However, some software cannot be installed through yum.

2. The source code installation method is to download the source code package on the Internet, and then decompress and install it. This method can specify configuration parameters, which is more flexible, convenient and more compatible. It is suitable for advanced users who know more about Linux system.

3. The rpm package is installed locally. If there is dependency, it also needs to be installed. If an rpm is modified and compiled by itself, it can only be installed with rpm

Problems encountered:

Originally thought that only the corresponding version of the rpm package could be used, but found the package and asked the teacher to know that using the old version can also achieve compatibility. Later, when using putty, port 23 of the firewall was not opened, which was solved successfully.

Harvest and experience

This experiment learned how to use RPM for software installation and package management, mastered the yum online installation method and yum source replacement method, and also mastered the method of installing software from source code. Although the whole experiment took a long time, it finally succeeded in achieving the effect of replacing the rainforest in the hacker empire, which is very shocking. I will certainly strengthen and consolidate these knowledge after class.